Freight forwarding common sense: electric discharge

General knowledge of freight forwarding
      
Electric discharge

The so-called radio is the shipper (shipper) will be shipped after the shipment of the carrier (or its agent) issued a full set of the original bill of lading back to the carrier (or its agent), while the designated consignee (Usually by telex, telegraph and other means of communication) in the port of discharge of the agent, the consignee does not issue the original bill of lading (has been recovered) in the case of delivery of goods.

To the port of discharge

The goods are as early as the bill of lading to the port of discharge

With the continuous progress and development of shipping technology, especially the popularity of container transport, loading and unloading port work efficiency greatly improved, so the goods before the arrival of its documents to the port of discharge is very common. This situation is more prominent in the near-ocean transport, such as China to East Asia, Southeast Asian countries or regions of the export of goods, due to shorter voyage and bank orders and processing documents relatively slow speed, it often appears goods And the bill of lading lag. In addition, in the case of ocean cargo transport, there may be accidents in the process of mailing documents, such as delays in the order, the wrong order, or the delay in clarifying the documents, and the documents arrive at the consignee later than the scheduled time. In this case, if the consignee still insists on the delivery of the original bill of lading, it may cause the goods to be crushed and crushed at the port of discharge, resulting in a blockage of the port of discharge, a substantial increase in port costs and storage costs, resulting in an increase in the cost of the carrier ; The same may also cause the consignee to lose the good timing of the sale of goods and other consequences.

Risk aversion: Avoid the risk of loss of documents

In accordance with the International Cargo Transport Convention, international trade practices and the laws of the vast majority of countries, in the international transport of goods, as long as the carrier issued a bill of lading, the consignee in the port of discharge must be the original bill of lading (but according to the relevant laws of the United States, Bill of lading consignee delivery without the need to submit the original bill of lading). Therefore, no matter what kind of settlement, the bill of lading is always transferred from the shipper to the hands of the consignee. During the bill of lading, you may experience the risk of mail loss. The Bank shall not be liable for the risk of the loss of the delivery of the shipping documents by Article 35 of UCP 600 and Article 14 of U RC522. once the shipping documents, including the bill of lading, are lost, the trader may submit a request to the carrier for a replacement bill of lading. In order to avoid the loss of the owner of the bill of lading to take the goods, the carrier is very cautious, and the applicant made very demanding requirements, such as prior notice, or the value of the goods several times the cash or cashier's cash Into the carrier's company account, or by the bank to provide the relevant guarantee, etc., and provide guarantees of banks often require traders to provide cash and other counter-guarantee. In this way, not only traders need to take up a lot of money, transaction costs increased significantly, and for bill of lading replacement procedures, as few as a few months, as many as more than 1 year. Therefore, for better-known consignees or importers, in order to avoid the loss of order to the consignee or importer to bring risks and increase the cost, and sometimes the seller to the carrier to take the initiative to " The

Freight forwarding: freight forwarding bill of lading can not pick up

With the opening of China's maritime market, the domestic international transport business and freight forwarding business competition, China's foreign freight forwarding company (referred to as foreign freight forwarding or freight forwarding) began to issue their own freight bill of lading (House B / L), and the shipper Form a contract of carriage. At the same time, the foreign freight forwarding must also find the actual carrier to carry the export goods, that is, the foreign freight forwarding itself as a shipper, issued by the owner to the owner of the bill of lading, or instruct the owner in accordance with the requirements of the shipper (usually importers) Bill of lading.

When the goods arrive at the port of discharge, the holder of the foreign freight forwarding bill of lading shall pay the owner or his agent with the owner's bill of lading on behalf of the agent or the agent at the port of discharge in exchange for the owner's bill of lading; Its agent with the owner of the bill of lading after delivery, freight forwarding bill of lading holders and then by way of freight forwarding to the freight forwarding agent or agent delivery.

It can be seen that this freight forwarding actually has a dual identity: for the owner (the actual carrier), this freight forwarding is equivalent to the shipper, by arranging the goods consignment and entered into the transport contract with the actual carrier, obtain the owner issued The owner's bill of lading. At the same time, for the owner, the freight forwarding is equivalent to the carrier and the owner of the issuance of their freight bill of lading. only the owner of the bill of lading and freight forwarding bill of lading convergence use, the entire cargo transport can be successfully completed.

Although the UCP 600 recognizes the bill of lading, the freight forwarder can issue his own bill of lading as a carrier. However, in practice, not all countries or regions are recognized and accept freight forwarding bill of lading, such as some countries in South America does not currently accept freight bill of lading. If the port of discharge only accept the owner bill of lading, and not accept the freight bill of lading, the consignee even if the original freight forwarding bill of lading, but in the port of discharge may not be a single delivery. In this case, the consignee may require the use of "discharge" way to release the goods.

Error correction: bill of lading operation error

In the trade practice, the bill of lading in the process of operation errors may also lead to the consignee holding the original bill of lading and can not pick up. For example, if the carrier issues a bill of lading or a bill of lading, and the negotiator uses the remittance or collection settlement, the shipper, When a person sends a shipping document, there is no endorsement of the bill of lading for various reasons. When the importer receives this original bill of lading, due to the lack of order of endorsement endorsement, does not meet the basic requirements of the bill of lading operating procedures, that is, the importer can not prove that it is the legal owner of the bill of lading. In this case, the shipping company or its port of discharge agent will not be issued to the owner of the bill of lading. At this point, if the bill of lading and then sent back to the shipper to add endorsement, may lead to delay time. As a result, holders of non-shippers who endorse bills of lading, in order to pick up as soon as possible, usually require "electricity" goods.