The future of the industry supply chain is multi-level warehouse layout!

 In the new retail era, who can in the shortest possible time to the best service to the goods to the hands of consumers, who is the king of the industry retail, and decided to supply the core of the supply chain chain, is the multi-level distribution layout!
First throw a point of view, the essence of the supply chain is to shorten the distance between goods and consumers. In order to achieve this goal, the ultimate solution for the supply chain design is to consider how to put the goods in advance from the consumer's nearest place, when the consumer needs or the order can be the fastest to have the goods. In order to achieve this goal, it is bound to require business flow, logistics and information flow is triple play, these three are mutually constrained and affected.
First, to discuss a question: what is efficient logistics?
From the logistics company point of view, I think this question is very simple, that is how the fastest items from point A to point B, the middle may pass C and D point. Consider the design of the route, the control of the time and the control of low cost. But if we change the angle, from the consumer point of view, or the supply chain point of view, is how to consider reducing the logistics cost in the commodity price ratio, reduce the logistics process in the order response time ratio.
Some customers are looking for supply chain solutions, often quoted is based on the proportion of value, it is easier to calculate the control. These two angles seem very similar, but a logical difference is very large, the former is considered how effective from A point to point B problem, called the right thing to do, the latter to consider why the goods from the A point Move to point B and then move to point C, consider doing the right thing.
In fact from the supply chain point of view, to reduce the logistics costs of commodity prices, but to solve the A point to point B is not enough to ensure that A point to move to point B is valid.
Commodity every move will bring the logistics cost of upgrading, Jingdong Liu Qiang East said that China's goods from the supplier out to the consumer, the middle to go after seven handling, which is the reason for the high cost of domestic logistics. Efficient logistics, there is a very important prerequisite to reduce the number of handling, it is necessary to reduce the flow of goods disorderly, that is, how to make goods more orderly flow.
Second, to understand what is the decision of the flow of goods?
Determine the flow of goods is not the logistics company, but the consumer, or is the order. Cargo flow of the best state is the goods from the manufacturers directly after the seller sent to the hands of an ideal state is the realization of goods by order production, logistics, distribution by order. But in fact the market demand and production plan is to find each other the process, so produce a lot of intermediate links. But the ultimate direction are from the manufacturers to the consumer, that is, business flow will determine the logistics, determines the flow of goods channels.
Third, the business flow will determine the logistics, logistics constraints of business flow
The middle part of the flow of goods, in fact, is the channel, the traditional channel is the goods from the manufacturers came to the brand distributors wholesalers, and then sent to the store and then to the consumer, the middle distributor wholesalers are actually in the next Market demand and upstream production plans, but also bear the logistics and capital issues.
A dealer for multiple categories at the same time for the same customer, so as to effectively reduce its logistics and marketing costs, many new products as long as the product can be done through the multi-level distribution system to enjoy a very low cost of logistics and promotion channels, Do big scale.
Layered distribution system on the one hand makes a lot of decentralized fragmented resources can be integrated to serve large-scale circulation, while in the information asymmetric market environment as much as possible to expand with the consumer contact surface, increase the information source, the entire business flow system bouncy. But the level of information technology by the channel behind, the entire flow of information flow is cut off by a number of intermediate links, information efficiency is difficult to become high, resulting in supply chain efficiency also has great limitations.
In recent years, due to the development of electricity providers, in fact, the rapid development of online channels, goods through the electricity providers and merchants directly through the courier to the hands of consumers. However, although the rapid development of online channels, but in fact only accounted for 12-15% of the circulation of GDP, the traditional channels or commodity circulation of the main channels, accounting for about 85%, and the development of electricity has actually been to the relative Saturated phase, the proportion is relatively stable.
Channels will affect the logistics, such as electricity to drive the development of courier. But in fact, the logistics will also affect the channel model of goods:
(1) a lot of goods are not suitable for online channels, mainly through the offline channels, such as fresh and department stores, on the one hand is the commodity gross margin is low, single product logistics costs in the proportion of goods is too high, students Fresh logistics standards are high loss of large, and other FMCG scene, impulsive consumption characteristics and electricity providers have greater access, so fresh and department store B2C model has not been developed;
(2) from the first point you can conclude that in many categories, online channels are not more advantages than the offline channel. Here is a very important reason is because the line of logistics before the purchase, the logic of each commodity is moved from the consumer closer, but multiple links are isolated information, convergence may not be good, but the online channel Of the logistics after the purchase, in the order before the items flow is invalid, may be in Shenzhen, Taobao from Beijing and then sold to consumers in Beijing, resulting in a lot of goods flow disorder.
Fourth, the channel development trends, logistics challenges and opportunities
1, online channels from the end of the flow to the upstream production extension
Electricity business model from the earliest C2C to B2C, now more B2B, then to F2B2C or F2C. The original fresh and FMCG industry for many years to explore C2C or B2C model, but are fiasco and return, but through the B2B model is able to usher in the development of a new round of upsurge, from retail and hundred stores to the new channel to the business Huimin, etc., is through the B2B model to achieve rapid integration.
2, online and offline full channel
Many manufacturers and brands will have both online and offline channels, but the original two sets of sales system and two sets of warehousing system in parallel operation, is to converge, to achieve online and offline integration of the whole channel model, 020 plus F2B2C, the user online orders, offline stores near delivery, stores will become the experience center, a storage center and delivery center.
3, C2M trend is more and more obvious
Internet technology so that all aspects of the channel information is opened up, was connected, so the user's data can be accumulated, and then better to the upstream extension, so C2B, C2M mode will be more and more strong, the supply chain structure will change, The original push supply chain structure to the customer based on the precise prediction of the pull supply chain structure.
Fifth, the supply chain core: the goods in advance to the nearest place from the consumer
The ultimate goal of the supply chain and the program is to put the goods in advance to the nearest place from the consumer, and then in a variety of ways to the fastest consumers. For example, the goods out of the factory after the door was sent directly from the buyer's nearest warehouse or store, in order to minimize the inefficient movement of goods in space and reduce costs. To achieve this, need to do three points: the first is the multi-level sub-warehouse system, the second is the integration of social storage resources, the third is the precipitation of large data, guide the goods in advance to the nearest place from the consumer flow.
1, multi-level sub-warehouse network system
A typical scenario is the original from the manufacturers to transport the goods to a different wholesaler, and then distributed to their stores, wholesale merchandise less, to the store's logistics performance costs are high. Later, the wholesalers began to integrate, the whole category of wholesalers distribution area of ​​the store, through the order of the co-flow intensification, to enhance the order density, reduce the logistics costs of a single product. But because of a lot of stores, far away, one or several warehouses difficult to achieve effective distribution, is bound to need to form a multi-level sub-warehouse system. We can build a platform of multi-level sub-warehouse system for the socialization of small and medium customers to provide inventory management and warehousing logistics services.
The complete sub-warehouse network needs to set up at least three sub-warehouse system, from the RDC warehouse to the warehouse and then to the TC warehouse. Three different functions, RDC area of ​​the collection of mining and DC warehouse allocation, DC warehouse for sorting tally and distribution, TC more assigned role, more and more channels sink, closer to the store or consumer, The value of multi-level sub-warehouse is:
(1) Let the warehouse set from the store and the consumer recently, so that the fastest response to the order of goods, coupled with the ability to end the delivery, the fastest to the store replenishment, or to the consumer delivery;
(2) the dynamic allocation of inventory between the different positions is very critical, online and offline under a plate of goods, inventory sharing, so that suppliers can supply each warehouse, each warehouse can be shipped;
(3) such a warehouse with the network has a benefit, that is, can be supplier inventory management, to achieve zero inventory;
(4) If you need so many warehouses, alone is difficult to build a deep network, so the need to connect the social storage of resources.
2, the integration of social warehousing, unified standards and unified entrance
The first is to have a unified standard, including management standards and operational standards.
The purpose of the standard is that the interface is consistent, the cost of docking is very low. Standards include management standards and operational standards of unity, more critical is the unity of the hardware. At present, the logistics of all aspects of delivery mode, the supplier to the logistics center warehouse is a tray as a unit, the warehouse to the store is a box as a unit, the store to the consumer is a piece.
In fact, large logistics, more than 80% of the logistics in the front two parts, the standard containers, especially the tray will play an increasingly important role, and now a low degree of standardization tray, specifications are inconsistent, the use of the tray has not yet universal , The function has not been fully excavated, but if there is a shared warehouse with the network, tray standardization and recycling will be able to effectively improve the storage and storage, storage and transportation to get through, for B2B logistics efficiency will be very large s help.
The second is to achieve the elements of the storage transparent connection, become online and shared.
The standard is just the foundation, the key is to be able to achieve online connection. This requires a prerequisite, the first is to the key elements of the storage code for the reservoir location of the stock shelves to encode, so give an identity, can be read and identified; followed by the device for the element coding Real-time read, get the status of the elements, and feedback to the system on-line. Such as the tray can be encoded, and the goods on the tray linkage, it automatically identify the identity of the goods information, so that the flow more quickly.
3, precipitation large data, guide the goods in advance to the consumer's recent place to flow
Put the goods ahead of the consumer from the nearest place, the key lies in advance, how to do it? Is to rely on large data. There must be a set of inventory management system, front-end connection to the sales side, the order system, through the order information to predict the historical data needs of the order, the middle of all the fragments of the warehouse link to do inventory sharing, upstream connection ERP, can effectively carry out Data transmission, the consumption of historical data and predictions passed to the manufacturers.
Businesses will be able to carry out intelligent delivery and early stocking, the goods ahead of the consumer from the nearest warehouse or store, to achieve the most reasonable inventory.