The ten major innovative modes of China's shared logistics are: the sharing of cloud storehouse resources, the sharing of utensils, the sharing of public packages, and the common distribution...
- 2018-03-30 15:01
- Sharing logistics cloud warehouse single appliance crowd package joint distribution terminal network capacity integration
Logistics is an important field of sharing economy. Sharing logistics refers to the logistics mode of sharing logistics resources to optimize the allocation of logistics resources, thereby improving the efficiency of logistics system, reducing logistics costs and promoting the transformation of logistics system. Logistics resources are mainly logistics information resources, technology and product resources, handling equipment resources, warehousing facilities resources, freight transport resources, terminal distribution resources, logistics human resources and cross-border resources.
From the resource attribute, it includes both personal logistics resources, enterprise logistics resources and institutional logistics resources. The logistics resources of enterprises include logistics enterprises, manufacturing enterprises, trade and circulation enterprises and Internet platform enterprises.
Logistics industry has a natural sharing factor, and the sharing of logistics resources has already existed. At present, Internet plus networking, big data, cloud computing and other information technology to activate the sharing of logistics innovation, is the focus of sharing logistics development; through the summary and analysis of the market survey, the current sharing logistics mainly has the following 10 kinds of classic innovation mode:
1, cloud storehouse resource sharing model
Cloud repository resource sharing mode is based on the establishment of cloud storage system to achieve interoperability between warehouse facilities network, and to open cloud repository resources to users and realize the mode of storage resource sharing on this basis.
Cloud storage system is the Internet online platform to build warehouse facilities network entity based management system through the Internet Unicom warehouse all over the country, and realize the warehouse data warehouse cloud platform interoperability, cloud computing and big data based on the analysis, integration, planning and management of solid warehouse system, realize the network operation to optimize the allocation of resources and warehouse the real-time warehouse management and sharing.
Rookie cloud warehouse: the rookie positioning itself as a large data platform for logistics, and the rookie network will form the largest logistics cloud warehouse sharing platform in the world. The data platform built by rookies, taking big data as energy, cloud computing as an engine and warehousing as a node, weaves a Zhang Zhihui's logistics and storage facilities network, covering the whole country and even the whole world, and opening and sharing to all businesses on Tmall and Taobao platforms.
Jingdong: Jingdong built cloud warehouse logistics system has started to open society, relying on its huge Jingdong logistics facilities and logistics network system of Jingdong business platform, extending from the central forward supply chain back-end, shared services for the Jingdong platform businesses open cloud storage, enhance the Beijing Dongping Taiwan business logistics experience. In addition, the use of cloud Jingdong warehouse perfect management system, cross-border sharing to financial institutions, launched the "Internet plus electricity supplier logistics financial service", the use of information systems to achieve full coverage, positions with integration, to meet the needs of multi dimension business enterprise.
Cloud: the use of the SF SF warehouse national coverage of the main city warehouse network, with the difference with the system of products, direct warehouse distribution around the high quality, optimize the supply chain service capabilities, focused on mobile phone (3C), shared storage system to open the sports shoes and apparel industry, food cold chain and home appliance customers.
2. Cycle sharing of unit instruments (pallets, turnaround boxes, etc.)
From the beginning of product factory, using the standard unit (pallet, turnover box) product packaging, logistics operation between logistics companies, wholesalers, commercial circulation enterprises, keep the goods and unit are not isolated, on the downstream business cycle shared unit to realize sharing unit, reduce the loading and unloading cargo down, avoid handling, cargo logistics operations in the collision, extrusion, greatly reduce the damage, improve the efficiency of logistics operations. According to the system architecture, unit based loop sharing system can be divided into open loop sharing and closed loop sharing.
Closed system: closed pallet loop sharing system refers to the establishment of leasing operation network by pallet leasing enterprises, and the pallet pool is set up by purchasing pallets. The user from the pallet rental business leasing tray, after the loading of the goods does not replac the tray, the tray in the circulation of different users share, respectively pay the corresponding time charges, has served the final customer, operated by local recycling outlets pallet pallet rental business, and then leased to other enterprises.
The tray ownership closed circular tray share system belongs to a pallet rental business, manufacturing enterprises, users of logistics companies, distribution companies and the receiving enterprises do not need to have the tray, quality control, maintenance and repair of the tray by tray rental service company responsible, eliminates the use of enterprise management and maintenance. However, the establishment of a pallet rental company and the establishment of a large leasing network require large investment. A large number of pallets can be used for circulating and sharing turnover. only when the operation system reaches enough scale can it generate benefits, and it is difficult to establish a widely covered operation network.
Open system: by numerous tray supply enterprises (manufacturers, operators and maintenance enterprises), pallet operation network and pallet management platform, users to build a pallet Pallet Pool, through the use of open loop authentication standard pallet sharing, open system for many users of common services. The open cycle common tray standard has unified requirements for the specifications, structure and quality of the pallet, and it needs to be certified in a unified way. In practical operation, pallets are exchanged with goods in the process of carrying and transporting, including leasing, to realize the sharing of pallets, and the ownership of pallets is constantly changing.
3, the sharing mode of enterprise logistics equipment resources
Logistics equipment mainly includes warehousing equipment and freight equipment, such as material handling equipment, transport sorting equipment, shelf system, loading and unloading equipment, freight vehicle and so on. Enterprises share the sharing by sharing the resources of logistics equipment and other enterprises.
The main ways of sharing logistics equipment are: borrowing, leasing, sharing, exchange and so on.
Taking forklift sharing as an example, forklift leasing is a new material handling equipment use plan. Compared with traditional forklift purchase mode, users only need to pay a small margin to have the right to use forklift and enjoy after-sales service provided by forklift manufacturers. Data show that in developed countries, the United States, Europe, Japan, South Korea and Australia, forklift rental everywher, which in most European countries, such as Britain, France, Germany, the 65% companies or users are using the forklift by way of leasing, in Japan and South Korea, forklift leasing accounted for about 50% of the forklift sales. In contrast, China's Forklift renting is still in its infancy. According to the data, the data of 50 forklift renting enterprises in the country were measured, and the number of forklift rents was close to 80 thousand in 2016, up by about 20% over 2015.
With the development of shared logistics, traditional forklift renting also opens up innovation around the principle of sharing. For example, when the logistics operation is low, enterprises will register and share the idle forklift resources information on the sharing platform, and provide them with the demand enterprises that are at the peak stage of logistics operation. For example, establish shared forklift maintenance system and provide standardized maintenance for many forklift trucks.
The sharing of freight equipment resources is also an important sharing mode of logistics equipment. In the past, traditional commerce and circulation enterprises and logistics companies had their own fleet for logistics and distribution. Often, there was a shortage of vehicles during the rush hour. Through the joint distribution in many city registered vehicle intelligence platform resources, can be at the peak of the distribution platform to use the vehicle resources, jointly complete the task of logistics and distribution; low then share vehicle idle resources to the common distribution platform city, through the wisdom integration and scheduling platform, engaged in other distribution business, to obtain relevant benefit.
4, the sharing mode of terminal network facilities resources
With the development of China's electronic commerce and new retail, the last kilometer of urban and rural distribution has become a difficult point and a hot spot of social concern. In order to improve the efficiency of the terminal distribution and improve the satisfaction of logistics services, the sharing mode of various facilities of the terminal logistics network has gradually become a hot spot of innovation. The express logistics enterprises in Internet plus, intelligence sharing agreement, working together to build new last mile end of the network sharing network of facilities, mainly in the following representative mode.
(1) sharing the receiving site mode: this mode centrally distributes the goods delivered by different express companies or electric business companies to the fixed receiving sites, and distributes the goods two times by platform platform, so as to realize the resource sharing of the terminal site logistics facilities. The mode is mainly for communities, universities and other groups, and is responsible for collecting user packages and providing other related services by a third party platform with certain qualifications and capabilities. Typical enterprises such as rookie station, panda fast harvest and other platforms.
(2) smart express cabinet sharing mode: smart express cabinet is considered the most effective terminal distribution alternative. The delivery staff of each express company can send parts by sharing the intelligent express cabinet, so they can not wait for users to pick up parts or send two pieces, so as to save time and improve the delivery efficiency. At the same time, the intelligent express cabinet can work all day, and the users can receive and receive the express at any time, which helps to improve the satisfaction of the consumer logistics service.
Intelligent express cabinet, as the closest infrastructure node to consumers, realizes the end logistics resource sharing and improves the logistics service level through resource sharing and open data system. Typical enterprises such as Feng Chao technology, quick delivery and so on.
(3) community Xinbaoxiang infrastructure sharing mode: the wisdom of residential construction basically are equipped with a system of community infrastructure Xinbaoxiang, according to our survey, along with the development of new media and reduce the letter box, a number of residential facilities daily general utilization rate is not high, a large number of idle, according to preliminary estimates the average utilization rate of less than 10%. This is a huge resource. If we carry out the intelligent transformation, the national network will achieve intelligent sharing, and the utilization rate will be increased by 50%, which will create huge economic benefits.
The terminal network of logistics infrastructure sharing value mainly in: one is to reduce the courier company, the third party logistics, business enterprise network terminal repeated construction; two is two times to reduce the delivery and distribution process, convenient for consumers to pick up the goods, improve customer satisfaction, reduce logistics and waste of resources; three is to contribute to the promotion of the whole logistics system change. For example, the intelligent express cabinet as a community access point can accumulate a large number of user data, help businesses and express companies to analyze big data and provide more targeted services.
5. Logistics package sharing model
Crowdsourcing logistics is a kind of open distribution model based on Internet platform, with the help of mobile network technology is mature, the original will be done by professional delivery staff task to voluntary and paid way, through a network of outsourcing to non-specific groups, these people as long as there is a smart mobile phone and a traffic the tool, in the idle time can grab one, pick up and delivery, low threshold, free time, can earn a part-time income.
At present, the crowdsourcing mode represented by new dada, Renren, express, Jingdong crowdsourcing, flash delivery, fast harvest, hummingbird distribution and so on has been welcomed by couriers and consumers.
6, common distribution and sharing mode
Common distribution is also known as the shared third party logistics service, which means that multiple customers join together to provide a distribution service by a third party logistics company. The essence of joint distribution is to share the resources of logistics and distribution, through various ways, such as horizontal integration, intensive coordination, seeking common ground while reserving differences and sharing benefits, so as to achieve the scale of logistics and distribution operations and improve the utilization efficiency of logistics resources.
There are more than 10 common distribution patterns of innovation, such as: warehouse operation mode, milkrun direct distribution model, milkrun mode, with a total set of goods in warehouse + unified distribution model and stage JIT set of goods with a total set of goods + community mode, with a total area of circular mode, multi plant mode with a total set of goods the set of goods, with a total model of wisdom.
In theory, through joint distribution, more than 90% of the vehicles can be reduced to the city. The European citylog project uses the principle of common distribution to promote the improvement of the urban logistics system. After the pilot test, it reduces the transport number of 85% at the end of the distribution.
A few years ago the Ministry of commerce joint distribution and vigorously promote the development of the city, has made great achievements, the activation of the joint distribution of the domestic market demand, promote regional autonomy to carry out joint distribution pilot demonstration initiative, driven by social capital to actively invest in common distribution platform and enterprise.
At present, along with the development of Internet technology, with a total of around channels and products with a total joint distribution, with a total innovation to wisdom city development, through the combination of big data, the Internet and GPS, can be integrated within the order requirements, with a total of wisdom to generate the optimal path, to achieve real-time with a total random, with a total share. City logistics resources.
7, power integration service sharing model
At present, the demand of highway freight transportation in China has realized the integration of road capacity through external procurement, and realized the sharing mode of transportation capacity integration. With the rapid development of highway freight logistics sharing, sharing mode to the depth of sharing and the sharing of knowledge development, the highway freight O2O copycat "bit" mode is the most typical road transportation integration and sharing mode, in addition to the information platform for the industry integration mode, integration mode of alliance company line sharing mode of transport resources.
(1) O2O integration mode of freight transportation: the O2O model of freight transportation using the Internet platform is a typical mode of sharing resources. It is characterized by the use of information platform to integrate the needs of both sides of the car and cargo, while the owner and the owner use the mobile client to carry out the service transaction of the vehicle. The mode successfully copies the mature "drop" mode, and solves the problem of "difficult to find cars" and "difficult to find goods" in the daily logistics service scenario, so as to enable the deep sharing of transport resources.
This area focus on the total distribution of trunk freight related businesses have full group, bliss trucks, focus on City Distribution Enterprise Cloud bird, speed and goods come Lara etc..
(2) the integration and sharing model of industry information platform capacity: compared with the rental industry, the complexity of the road freight industry is more complex. Therefore, to integrate the transportation capacity of the highway freight industry, it is necessary to have a profound understanding of the industry itself. In the industry, there are a number of itself started in the road freight industry, the use of advanced information technology and new management mode of integration and sharing of highway freight, the typical enterprises in the world, the card and so on.
(3) through the alliance to achieve capacity integration and sharing mode: in China's road freight industry, only a few cars and dozens of people's freight companies are everywher, quite a lot of enterprises are still in the primary stage of operation. According to incomplete statistics, there are about 789000 companies engaged in road freight at present. There are generally small capital, small scale, less coverage network, obvious regional characteristics and low market concentration. In the face of fierce market competition, these companies together, sharing alliance, cyber source and power resources, and seek common development, has become a trend in recent years is more obvious and typical cases, including logistics, one meter Dekun tick, full temperature control etc..
8, the sharing mode of the logistics center operation service
The sharing operation service mode of the warehouse logistics center is the mode of innovation of the logistics system integrators in the transformation of the service transformation of the manufacturing industry. The model is a logistics system integrators based on common needs of many customers on the market, using its own funds or through joint investment, social investment institutions jointly invest in warehousing and logistics center construction, sharing, and use their own expertise and advantage, is responsible for the warehousing and logistics center management, open sharing service to the business enterprise, the third party logistics enterprises, courier companies, wholesale and retail enterprises and many other customers, collect fees in accordance with the operation and management of logistics center operation flow and goods turnover amount. This kind of shared warehouse logistics center has generally realized automatic storage and automatic sorting, and the level of logistics technology and operation management level is high. At present, the Nanjing flying store, Shandong blueswords logistics in carrying out relevant sharing logistics mode innovation.
At present, the market of many commercial enterprises, enterprises and the third party logistics enterprises, with the rapid development of business and enterprise, there is a large demand for advanced warehousing and logistics center, but its construction of logistics center is also facing a shortage of funds, technology, professional operation management and maintenance of the low level of a lot of problems. According to the development needs of these enterprises, equipment integrators using its own technology and capital, common for customers to build the logistics center to share and be responsible for the operation, which can meet the needs of customers, but also can play to the advantages of technology, and can obtain stable service income.
9, logistics work project sharing service mode
With the development of modern logistics technology, logistics engineering projects are becoming more and more complex. There are more and more links involved. Logistics engineering equipment has many kinds of special equipment, and there are at least thousands of different products or systems from hardware to software. The logistics system to achieve the coordination and control of each unit, goods receiving, storage, storage, sorting, packaging, and delivery of goods classification, set a series of operations, comprehensive application relates to various hardware and software systems, personalized, customized strong, decided on the engineering installation and other services which need very professional in the design, construction and installation process.
On the other hand, as the logistics system is becoming more and more complex, and the level of automation, information and intelligence is improving, it is necessary to have more professional ability to maintain the stability of logistics system. Many logistics technology and equipment users often do not have the above capabilities. They only choose to outsource equipment and system maintenance work, hoping that a company can provide shared logistics engineering services.
(1) logistics engineering installation: according to the sharing mode of logistics engineering project construction units involved, too many suppliers in project design and installation of various suppliers are to be commissioned by the installation team organization installation, decentralized responsibility passing phenomenon is serious. Suzhou Ding tiger technology company is actively promoting the logistics engineering project sharing and installation service model innovation. By setting up the professional installation team, installation, logistics project shelf equipment debugging and many other suppliers to provide installation service sharing, independently undertake installation and commissioning responsibility, prevent the project respectively installed buck passing phenomenon.
(2) logistics project maintenance and upgrading of sharing mode: with the development of logistics technology engineering, logistics engineering project for more than ten years of the original construction unit has undergone great changes, brought many problems to the user, the project need maintenance are often difficult to find the original enterprise. In addition, many enterprises have increased the number of projects and dispersed customers, and then provide maintenance support for the original users individually, which also involves most of the company's strength. After sales service is difficult to meet customer needs in time. Under such circumstances, providing logistics engineering maintenance support services for customers has market demand, and also promotes the sharing mode innovation of logistics engineering maintenance and upgrading services.
10, cross boundary sharing mode of logistics facilities and equipment
Internet plus action plan to promote the Internet has become the infrastructure, not only to all kinds of logistics resources connected together, also connect the past passenger resources, store the resources and other non logistics resources, directly promote cross-border logistics facilities and equipment sharing mode. The main innovation model is as follows:
(1) the sharing of resources through the passenger car and passenger dedicated line mode: cooperation between enterprises, the use of luggage and parcel box passenger vehicle on the part of the passenger line in the idle resources, so that the package and delivery of goods to sit on the bus, arrive at the destination and then sent to collect, to achieve cross-border passenger and freight enterprises sharing. In the logistics distribution for the rural areas, there are cross-border cooperation modes between the trade enterprises and the express companies. The rural commodity stores share resources to help the express company complete the pickup or delivery service while distributing or extracting goods.
(2) the sharing mode of high-speed rail freight resources: from the beginning of 2015, the courier company in cooperation with the high-speed passenger line, the use of idle resources to provide services for passenger express courier company, let double eleven package to sit on the high iron, become a social hot news, this is a typical high Tieke cross-border transport and logistics sharing mode.
Source: Orient Express Logistics