where is the difference between the bill of lading and the owner of the ship's bill of lading?
- 2018-04-10 12:02
- Shipping bill of lading
In actual operation, we will encounter two types of bills of lading: shipowner bill of lading and freight forwarding bill of lading. Shipowner is a freight company that has its own ocean going freighter. An ocean going freighter costs a lot, and the company that owns its own ocean fleet is strong enough. Because they pay much attention to reputation in their long term businesses, but they will not ruin their reputation for a little bit of small profits. Relatively speaking, they are more formal in operation. Another freight company is the freight forwarder, or the freight forwarder. The freight forwarder does not own a ship, and in some sense, it is almost the same as ordinary trading company. After they pick up the goods, they will go to the shipowner to book the cabin together. We may take the difference and relationship between shipowners and freight forwarders as wholesalers and retailers. Goods are the "shipping space" for ocean going freighters. The shipowner wholesale the shipping space to the freight forwarder, and the shipping agent sells the shipping space to us.
Difference
The English expression of two kinds of bills of lading:
Ship Dongdan: MASTER BILL OF LOADING
Freight forwarding list: HOUSE BILL OFLOADING (FORWARDER BILL OF LOADING).
The subject is not the same as the subject.
MB/L is the bill of lading issued by the shipping company. HB/L is the bill of lading issued by freight forwarder based on MB/L, which is issued by freight forwarding company. The freight forwarding list is not issued or signed, but the agent must sign the order at the port of destination.
The rise is not the same.
The shipping company's bill of lading is on the head of the shipping company. The forwarding bill of lading is based on the name of the forwarder. The bottom seal is also different. The shipowner's single seal shows AS CARRIER, and the freight forwarding list is AS AGENT FOR CARRIER.
The way of collecting goods at destination is different:
Dongdan, a ship, can directly pick up the goods from the shipping company. When forwarding the cargo, it must first exchange the agent with the shipping agent to the shipping company's bill of lading at the destination port. And then take the shipping company's bill of lading to pick up the goods, commonly known as changing orders. Or by the destination port, the forwarder will directly look for the agent's delivery.
The scope of application is different:
The owner of the ship is suitable for FCL box goods. If your goods are not the whole cabinet, but scattered goods, you can only deliver the goods, because the ship company will not help you to box the box, and will not help you to divide the goods at the destination port. This situation can only be HB/L or radio.
Tips
There are no words of bill of lading, which can be distinguished from the following aspects.
A. shipping companies are generally named for Shipping Co. or Line, such as COSCO and MAERSK (CHINA) Shipping Co., KLine and so on. Of course, there are exceptions. For example, the US Marine and shipping company, whose name is Sealand Service, doesn't know what kind of service company it is.
B., with the aid of air transportation and freight forwarders, may get a list of shipping companies and freight forwarders in Shanghai, but foreign and foreign countries have difficulties.
C. some freight forwarders joined the international FIATA organization. In order to show their status, they often used the word "FIATA member" on the front page of the bill of lading. The first definition clause of a bill of lading may show its specific identity.
D. freight forwarder bills of lading, some printed on the front of a "For Delivery, Please Contact" column, so that the consignee can find their connection and pick up the goods at the destination port.
E. Shanghai port's LCL business is mostly undertaken by freight forwarders. LCL usually takes CY-CFS instead of CY-CY.
The bill of lading is usually used in the following two cases:
A. freight forwarder, as a Consolidator, had to issue the bill of lading. (here, by the way, on the Groupage Cargo problem, Groupage Cargo and Consolidation Cargo I understand the same meaning, the use of Groupage Cargo in the past for bulk cargo transportation means group goods, for example, a tray (Pallet). In container transportation, Groupage is rarely used, and Consolidation Car is used. " Go, and is now simplified as a Consol Cargo word. Recently, there is a foreign trade company, calling to ask me what is the matter of Groupage B/L. In fact, the group of bills of lading ship company issued the freight forwarder for the case, and the freight forwarder issued the SeparateHouse B/L on this basis. Customer talk about Groupage B/L can not be accepted, obviously a redundant word, but maybe it means that House B/L can not accept. )
B. freight forwarders accept the designated goods of foreign agents, indicating that the bill of lading provided by them shall be issued on behalf of them, while the bill of lading of foreign freight forwarders shall be provided.
Of course, freight forwarders will issue their own bills of lading when they act as NVOCC.
Maybe someone will ask, why do we need a freight forwarding list since the shipping company can issue the bill of lading?
It is not difficult to imagine that although the shipowners are safe and reliable, they will inevitably be able to avoid "big customers". They are often inferior to freight forwarders in terms of service flexibility and hospitality. There are a large number of goods and a wide range of distribution. It is very convenient to communicate with us to do foreign trade. It is also more willing to cooperate with us, especially the special operation like "back bill of lading" mentioned above. Therefore, it is more common for us to work with freight forwarders in practical work.
On the surface, shipowner's bill of lading is similar to that of freight forwarder's bill of lading. We sell the original bill of lading to foreign businessmen, and foreign goods are taken by bill of lading. In fact, there is still a difference. First of all, the bill of lading itself is a kind of "transport contract". The shipper gives us the bill of lading, which means signing a contract for shipment. The shipowner's bill of lading is our contract with the shipowner, and the forwarding bill of lading is not. We give the goods to the freight forwarders, the freight forwarders to the shipowners, the freight forwarders and the shipowners have the transport agreement, the shipowner is responsible for the freight forwarder only, but will not be responsible to our owner, because in the operation of the bill of lading, for the shipowner, the freight forwarder is the "owner". .
As a result, the bill of lading can be made directly to the port of destination, and the bill of lading does not, and the bill of lading should be given to the agent of the port to "change the bill", that is, the bill of lading is issued on the basis of the bill of lading and then the delivery of the goods. Of course, for our delivery people, this is a more formality on the surface. It doesn't matter what risks do not affect the pickup. On the contrary, we can take advantage of this to better control property rights. For example, after we give the bill of lading to the customer, we suddenly find that the customer is fraudulent and may not give the money. At this time, we can ask the freight forwarder to help, notify the agent of the port of destination to "hold" the goods, and let the foreign businessmen, even with the bill of lading, also temporarily fail to get the goods, and give us valuable time (without formal reasons, The port of destination is also inconvenient for goods to be deducted. It can only be delayed for several days, but for foreign trade disputes, this delay is very good for exporters.
In short, if the cargo transport itself is unfortunate, when we investigate the liability of the freight forwarder, it is clear that the strong shipowner is more responsible than the ordinary freight forwarder. Usually, freight forwarders are able to cooperate with shipowners in our work. It is very important for us to handle bills of lading and guard against commercial fraud flexibly. Besides, the freight rate of freight forwarders is also very advantageous. There are often discounts.
In addition, although Dongdan is the most basic document of property, ship MB/L is not enough. If you do L/C, but you can't produce it in the prescribed time of delivery, you can't get on the ship. Then you can choose HB/L and ask the freight forwarder to help you to sign the bill of lading. Of course, this is also irregular practice, so you are required to take a letter of guarantee. If you do L/C, you don't find the special requirements for the ship (such as: ship age, ship, ISM CODE, shipping certificate, port, ship certificate, etc.) and the ship company can't issue this, what do you do? Not in accordance with the requirements of the document, can not meet the foreign exchange, in the L/C does not clearly specify the case of not accepting the freight forwarding list, SHIPPER generally will choose the shipping list, to the foreigner, unless the old foreigners really do not want the goods, generally can be covered by the past. But it's at least a fraud to be checked out by foreigners, waiting for the court.
The other way is: when the consignor doesn't receive payment from foreign customers, it may ask for the order to sign the invoice, so as to control the goods and avoid money and goods two vacant.
There is also a more special situation: third parties involved, the middleman do not want the final customer to know the source of the goods and other information, it is possible to request the signing of the delivery of the list to achieve the purpose of protecting business secrets.
By the way, risk: issuing ship Dongdan is a safer choice for consignors and freight forwarders. For the shipper, the reputation and safety factor of the shipowner must be stronger than that of the freight forwarder. In general, the shipowner will believe the shipowner, and the shipowner is certainly not at ease with the shipper. For freight forwarders, it is also safer. There is no need to use agents. If the agent rolls away, the freight agent will be dead, or even go bankrupt. Therefore, the whole cabinet can not be exported to 10000, but freight forwarding is not very willing to sign and deliver the order.
Cost problem: shipowners usually do not produce any fees at single port. Freight forwarding will definitely charge the order fee of port customers. (may also be paid by the consignor to the freight forwarding, the forwarding agent and the agency settlement) if you want to advance the freight and prompt delivery, you will be out of Dongdan, and can also save more than ten dollars for the change of the bill. If you want to control the right of goods, freight and payment, you will have to send the order. The freight forwarder can help you with the agency, which is not free, of course.
In short, ship Dongdan is the basic property document, but rigid, many of the provisions can not be left and right.
The shipments will be shipped on behalf of the shipper. They give you the bill of lading of their own company. The real certificate of real right is controlled by him. The risk here depends on what kind of payment you do.
1, if it's a letter of credit, the bank may not recognize the freight forwarding list.
2, if it is the former TT and the balance is paid by bill of lading COPY, it is possible for the client to conspire with the freight forwarder without paying the balance.
3, if all payments are paid in advance, it will be no risk for you.
Source: sea net